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Narrativity
"Aesthetic and formal strategies that derive from the above concepts; resulting in non-linear expressive forms." Happenings Happenings was coined by artist Alan Kaprow in the late 1950s. Kaprow viewed art as an unfolding narrative that was primarily driven by audience interaction. He developed techniques to encourage participants to use their own imaginations to build the story rather than relying on authorship. He developed bizarre to everyday performance environments that included the audience, objects and events, all of which led to chance encounters and non-linear creative expression. World-Building In 1991, computer scientist Pavel Curtis created the MUD (Multi-User Dungeons) LambdaMOO, a text-only fantasy, role-playing environment that a user could access online. LamdaMOO is viewed by social theorists as a new form of literature that combines performance, cinema and collective storymaking. Players create their own characters and interact with a global community of players, where they can improvise dialog, choose their adventures and build their own narratives. Collective Intelligence In his 1994 book Collective Intelligence: Mankind's Emerging World in Cyberspace, Pierre Lévy, a media theorist and former professor of hypermedia at the University of Paris, discusses the cultural implications of multimedia. Lévy believes that "our humanity is the most precious thing we have" and pure technology will not be able to construct and maintain human interactions, only help those interactions occur. In the near future, geography will have less significance than collaboration. Hypermedia will be the new language that facilitates global interaction. Lévy foresees an historic shift to a new world that will evolve from an information economy to a social economy, one based on social interactions and united by a digitized network engaged in the "continuous invention of the languages and signs of a community.
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